Road-grader



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

F. BALDWIN.

ROAD GR ADER.

No. 390,150) Patented Sept. 25, 1888.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. F. BALDWIN.

ROAD GRADER Patent-ed Sept. 25, 3

mnmm a mlllll lllllllll l INVENTOR ITJV'ESSES M flttorney UNITED STATES PATENT Orrice.

FERDINAND BALD\VIN, OF TROY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO LEM. E. MARSHALL, OF OHRISTIANSBURG, OHIO.

ROAD-GRADER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 390,150, dated September .25, 1888.

Application filed February 23, 1888. Serial No. 965,009. (No modoLl To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FERDINAND BALDWIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Troy, in the county of Miami and State of Ohio, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Road-Graders, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to a the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in road-graders.

The object of the invention is to remove the earth from the extreme sides of the road, or from either side of the middle toward the latter, in such manner as to give the road the proper slope toward the sides.

Theinvention consists, essentially,of a truck mounted upon wheels and two graders placed obliquely to the line of draft, with their rear ends converging toward the middle and their forward ends diverging toward the sides of the roadway, and of suitable adjusting and bracing devices.

The invention further consists of plows and barrows of peculiar construction secured to the forward ends of the grader-beams and arranged the former to plow up new soil and throw a quantity of earth toward the center in such manner that the graders act upon and distribute the soil over the surface to constitute the roadway, and the latter arranged to loosen hard ground, so as to afford loose soil for the graders to act upon, the said plows and barrows being respectively used for these dif ferent kinds of soils.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and on which like reference-letters indicate corresponding .parts, Figure 1 represents a plan view of my improved road-grader; Fig. 2, a side elevation of the same, omitting the lateral braces to avoid confusion; Fig. 3, a detail perspective view of the plow and harrow attachments, and Fig. 4 a detail perspective view of the harrow attachment alone.

The letter A designates four wheels, of any approved construction, in which are mounted forward and rear axles, B and C, respectively. These axles are coupled together by a reachpole, D, the forward connection being made by the usual king-bolt,E. Upon each axle is secured a bolster, F, and upon the rear bolster is fulcrumed a lever, G, the rear end of which is connected to the reach-pole bya metallic collar, H, and a link, I, while from the forward end a stout divided chain, J, depends and connects with the rear ends of the graderbeams. By these means the graders are supported at the rear ends. Upon the beam F, pivoted on the forward bolster, a winding shaft, L, is mounted,with a pawl and ratchet, M, to lock it. A chain, 0, is secured to this shaft and passed over a pulley, P, mounted on the bolster and connected to the forward end of the grader-beam at Q. These devices are at either side of the beam. These devices sup port the forward ends of the graders, and are used to hoist them up when not grading and to adjust either grader up or down to accomplish the work required. The graders are held by means of the braces R, pivotally con nected with them and to the reachpole D. The braces engage with either eye R, according to the different distances the graders are placed apart. The draft-bars S are connected with the harrows at S and with the graders by the rods 8*, and with each other at T, as also with the pole U by chains V. The draft attachments are connected to these bars, whether animals or a traction-engine be used to draw the machine. The chains Vserve to direct the pole in the direction in which the bars S are drawn, whereby the machine is guided. The pole is connected by the pivoted hounds to the forward axle, so as to rise and fall with the inequalities of the ground.

The letter \V refers to the grader-beams, which are preferably stout wooden timbers, to which plates X are bolted. These plates carry rods Y, to which the metallic graders proper, Z, are connected by other plates, Z. Thus the connection between the graders Z and the grader-beams is flexible, so as to permit of yielding to the various strains and slight changes of direction occurring as the machine advances. Stout metallic braces, a, are secured to the beams \V, and extended downward along the outside of the graders proper to hold them to their work and against springing too far upward.

The graders proper consist of stout iron or ICO steel sheets made in sections, which preferably overlap each other, as seen by the dotted lines in Fig. 2. This prevents loss of soil. The rear ends of the graderbeams are pivotally connected by metallic bars I), as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

The letter 0 designates the barrow-beams, consisting of stout bars and provided with a series of strong harrow-teeth, preferably of the form shown in Fig. 4. The beams are pivotally connected to the grader-beams by clips at and bolts 9 at one end, and are held at the proper angle thereto and braced by the rods 5''. The function of these harrows is that of loosing hard ground, as when the road is old and the soil well compacted and composed somewhat of gravel. Under said conditions itis desirable to loosen this ground so that the graders will be supplied with comparatively loose soil to gather up and distribute, the greater portion being carried to the center of the road by reason of the angular portion of the graders. The lower ends of the harrow' teeth are slightly below the lower edges of the graders.

The letter f designates the plows proper, which consist of heavy metallic plates fashioned similarly to a plowshare and provided at their outer and forward ends with a projecting nose, 9, and a cutter, h. The nose or point enters the sod, and the cutter severs the upraised sod and divides that which is raised by the plow from that which is outside of and beyond the plow. The angular position of the plow, as shown in Fig. 1, directs the sod toward the middle of the road after the manner of a plow mold-board, and this sod is taken up by the oncoming graders and distributed in the manner already described. These plows are connected at their outer forward ends to the grader-beams by a suitable clevis, i, and to the bars S at theirinner ends bylugsj, projecting from the clips 75, which form the immediate means of connection between said bars S and theharrow-l'ieams. Thelower edge of the plows extend below the harrow-teeth, so that the latter do not interfere with the operation ofthe former. \Vhen, however, the barrows are to be used, the plows are removed, which is easily done.

The angle of the plows and harrows with respect to the grader-beams may be changed by setting the bars S in either of the eyes at.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with a truck consisting of a forward and rear axle, supporting-wheels therefor, and a reach-pole, of two graders suspended from said truck at their forward and rear ends by adjustable connections, and arranged one atone side and one at the other, with their rear ends converging toward each other, and plows secured to the forward ends of the graders.

2. The combination, with two graders convergently disposed with respect to each other, and two beams, one secured to each grader and standing at an angle thereto, of a plow secured to each of said beams, and draft-bars connected to said beams, whereby the plows are drawn directly by the draft.

3. The combination, with atruck consisting of forward and rear axles, supporting'wheels, a reach-rod, and a guide-pole secured to the forward axle, of draft-bars connected to said pole so as to turn the same from side to side, according to the direction the said bars are drawn in, and two graders suspended from said truck at their forward and rear ends and connected at their forward ends to said bars.

4. The combination, with a truck and its supporting-wheels, of two graders arranged one at the one side and the other at the other side and pivotally connected at their rear 8:

ends, braces which secure the graders to the reaclrpole, winding-shafts mounted on the forward part of the truck, sustaining and adjusting chains extending from said shafts to the graders, and a pivoted lever mounted on the rear part of the truck and connected with the graders, and devices to lock the lever in a given position.

5. The co1nbination,with a grader-beam, of graders proper flexibly secured thereto, and braces secured to the beam and extending to the rear side of the graders to hold them to their work.

(i. The combinatiomwith a grader-beam and a rod secured longitudinally thereto, of a grader proper consisting of a stout metallic plate hung upon said rod,and stout braces secured to said beam and extending to the rear of said plates to hold them to their work while grading.

7. The combination, with a grader and its beam, of a harrowbeam and a plow connected to said grader-beam at one end, a brace-rod connecting the other end of the barrow-beam to the grader-beam, and a draft-rod connected to the barrow-beam and to the plow, the teeth of the harrow terminating above the lower edge of the plow.

S. The combination, with a truck its supporting-wheels, a guide-pole connected to the forward axle, and draft-bars connected with the said pole, of graders connected to said bars and running from each side of forward part of the truck to the rear part and toward each other, suitable bracing and connecting devices, and plows and harrows connected to the forward parts of the graders, extending inwardly and braced at their inner ends.

In testimony whereof I aliix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FERDINAND BALDWIN.

\Vitncsses:

JonN S. Fond v, E. KELLY.

IIO 

